The Important Crown Jewels of Europe

All crown jewels have a hoary past and their story still fascinates a lot of people. Though some of the dynasties have fallen by the wayside and are part of history, yet the royal jewels continue to fascinate. Some of the important crown jewels are mentioned in succeeding paragraphs.

a) The Imperial Crown of Russia. This is one of the more important crown jewels for the simple reason that that the Romanoff's ruled over the largest empire in History. They were removed in a cold blooded way by the communists who executed the entire family in brutal manner and brought about the end of the dynasty. The crown jewels are now displayed in the Kremlin armoury in Moscow and were worn by the rulers of Russia often referred to as Tsars. These jewels were in use till 1917 when the monarchy was overthrown with the Bolshevik revolution and Lenin seized power. Nicholas II was the last Tsar. Historically this crown was first used by Peter I and last used in 1896 when Nicholas II was crowned Emperor of Russia..

b) The German Crown Jewels. Germany was ruled by a king often referred to as the Kaiser. He was made to abdicate at the end of the First World War by the allies. However earlier on there were no German Crown Jewels since Germany was always a confederation of different monarchies. The Germans must thank Napoleon Bonaparte who won in 1806 and united all the German states. He appointed the Duke of Duchy of Bavaria who crowned himself as Maximilian I. The jewels made for him are exhibited in the Residenz Palace in Munich

c) The French Crown Jewels. These jewels are now of only historical importance. The French revolution of 1789 destroyed royalty. Monarchy was restored but ended in 1885 with the third French Republic. French jewels consisted of the crowns, orbs, diadems and jewels.The surviving French Crown Jewels, principally a set of historic crowns are on display for the general public at the Louvre in Paris.

The last French coronation took place in 1824 when King Charles X was crowned emperor.

d) The crowns jewels of England. The crown jewels of England contain a number of crowns. The important ones are.

Imperial Crown of India. This crown was specially created for King George V when he visited Delhi in 1911 and was crowned as Emperor of India. This crown has not been used after that date. This crown has eight half arches, in the manner of Continental European crown jewels, unlike British tradition of the Crown having four half arches.

The Imperial State Crown. This was made in 1937 for the coronation of King George VI.This Crown is made of gold and includes many jewels: diamonds, pearls, sapphires, and five rubies.

The George IV Crown was made in 1820 for the coronation of King George IV. It is one of the older crowns and was worn during the coronation processions of Queen Victoria and Queen Elizabeth II.

In England the Wives of Kings are called Queens consort and traditionally have worn the Crown of Mary of Modena. There are three such crowns. All three consorts' crowns in turn included the famous Koh-I-Noor diamond which was taken from Maharaja Ranjeet Singh after the defeat of the Sikhs and the annexation of the Punjab in 1845.

All the British crown jewels are displayed for public view at the tower of London since 1303. They are guarded after an attempt to steal them was made in 1649. Queen Elizabeth II inaugurated a special jewel house for their display in 1994.

There are some other items included in the Royal jewels of England. These include

i) The Ring.This is supposed to symbolize the marriage of the king to the nation. It was specially crafted for the coronation of William IV in 1831.

ii) The Ampulla or Anointing spoon. Archbishop of Canterbury uses this spoon to pour oil. It is a hollow gold vessel having the shape of an eagle, and the Spoon is made of silver and set with pearls. They date from the 13th century and escaped the destruction of Cromwell.

iii) The Armills. These are gold bracelets and symbolize sincerity and wisdom. Queen Elizabeth II when crowned queen was presented a new set of gold armills on behalf of various Commonwealth governments.

iv. The swords. These are the last part of the Royal jewels. Five Swords are part of the Royal regalia. They are;-.

The Jeweled Sword of Offering. This was crafted for the Coronation of King George IV. Floral symbols made of jewels decorate this sword. This sword is actually presented to the Sovereign during the Coronation and thus is the most important of the swords.

The Sword of State. This is the largest sword in the collection and during the coronation is carried in front of the Monarch. There are three other swords used namely the Sword of Spiritual Justice, the Sword of Temporal Justice, and the Sword of Mercy. The last named has a blunt edge.

Monarchies may go further into history but the romance of the crown jewels will remain for all time to come.

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